What is component 3c?

Component 3c pertains to engaging students in learning. This means that students are "intellectually active in learning important and challenging content." If students are truly engaged in their learning they will develop a deep understanding of the content material. To scaffold the process, teachers should be sure to include a beginning, middle, and end in their lesson structure. This provides an introduction, content instruction, and reflection. 

Why do you need it?

When students are actively engaged in learning they are developing a deep understanding of the concepts they are learning. Active engagement has proved superior to rote procedure. 

What are the elements?

Activities and Assignments
  • Activities and assignments are what take up the majority of instructional time. To promote learning, they should be aligned with the standards and objectives of the lesson. Students are most engaged in these requirements when they are given some choice.
Grouping of Students
  • Student groupings can be divided among student background, ability, or student choice.
Instructional Materials and Resources
  • An educator's selection of materials and resources can greatly affect student learning. Even if teachers are obligated to use specific school resources, they can supplement lessons with their own materials to further student learning. 
Structure and Pacing
  • Lessons should be designed to allow enough time for students to thoroughly learn the content. Teachers should be sure to include time for reflection and closure.

Artifacts of Domain 3c

Teachers can display proficiency of Domain 3c in their class by:
  • developing assignments that require critical thinking
  • motivating students to be engaged in ALL activities
  • possessing an enthusiastic demeanor
  • gradually removing scaffolding
  • promoting student inquiry and contribution
  • allowing students to have choice in assignments
  • making assignments meaning for students
​Danielson, C. (2011). The Danielson Group. The Framework for Teacher Evaluation Instrument. Retrieved from:
​          http://static.pdesas.org/content/documents/danielson_rubric_32.pdf